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英语语法 - 将来完成时

什么是将来完成时?

将来完成时表示在将来某个时间之前已经完成的动作,强调动作的完成性。换句话说,它描述的是一个在未来某一时刻之前已经发生并结束的动作。

将来完成时的构成

将来完成时:主语 + will have + 动词过去分词

例句:

By this time next year, I will have finished my studies. (到明年这个时候,我将完成我的学业。)

She will have been a teacher for ten years by the end of this month. (到这个月底,她将成为一名教师十年了。)

将来完成时的用法

表示在将来某个时间之前已经完成的动作:

When he arrives, we will have eaten dinner. (当他到达时,我们已经吃过晚饭了。)

表示到将来某个时间为止,动作持续的时间:

By the time she retires, she will have worked here for 30 years. (到她退休时,她在这里工作了30年。)

将来完成时的标志词

  • by the time (到...的时候)
  • by... (到...为止)

将来完成时与其他时态的区别

  • 一般将来时: 表示将来发生的动作。
  • 将来进行时: 表示将来某一时刻正在进行的动作。
  • 将来完成时: 表示将来某一时刻之前已经完成的动作。

例句:

I will go to the park tomorrow. (我明天要去公园。)(一般将来时)

I will be working at 3 pm tomorrow. (明天下午3点我正在工作。)(将来进行时)

By tomorrow evening, I will have finished my work. (到明天晚上,我将完成我的工作。)(将来完成时)

练习

请将下列句子改成将来完成时:

  • She finish her homework at 5 pm.
  • We arrive at the airport at 10 am.
  • They live in this city for five years.

答案:

  • She will have finished her homework by 5 pm.
  • We will have arrived at the airport by 10 am.
  • They will have lived in this city for five years by next year.