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继Brexit后又有Chexit?

7 月 12 日在荷兰海牙的常设仲裁法院正式宣布了对菲律宾南海仲裁案的裁决决定。最后结果就是仲裁法院全面否定了中国长期坚持的“九段线”内对南海海域和岛礁拥有的历史权利,并几乎全盘认同了菲律宾方面提出的各项诉求。 这件事不管是对于我们国人还是世界,都是一件非常重大的和令人震惊的消息。我们特地收集了一些对于这则新闻的外媒报道,还整理了一些相关的关键词,让大家对这件事的英文版本有个了解。

来自 NBC news 的消息:

In the hours ahead of the ruling, #SouthChinaSeaArbitration was the top trending topic on Weibo with well over 100 million views.
在裁决前几个小时,”南海仲裁”就成了微博上的头号话题,已经超过1亿评论。

The case was filed in 2013, after China seized Scarborough Shoal, a reef 150 miles off the Philippines that is claimed by both countries.
这件仲裁案是2013年提交的,发生在中国控制黄岩岛之后,这个岛礁距离菲律宾150英里(约241km),两国都宣称对其拥有主权。

An international tribunal delivered a searing rebuke to China on Tuesday, ruling that the country has no legal basis to declare historical rights in the South China Sea.
星期二,一处国际法庭对中国表达了强烈的斥责,裁决认为中国对南海宣称的历史权利没有合法依据。

Nothing in Tuesday's ruling went in China's favor. The tribunal condemned China for its large-scale land reclamation, aggressive tactics with fishermen and for causing irreparable damage to marine ecosystems with the construction of artificial islands.
星期二的这一仲裁结果无一是对中国有利的。仲裁法院指责中国在岛上开垦大规模的土地,阻止菲律宾渔民捕鱼,以及填海造岛的建设对海洋生态环境造成不可修复的破坏。

南海仲裁的裁决公布后,菲律宾举国欢腾,还根据前段时间的热门话题"Brexit"(可回复关键词"脱欧"查看详情),制造出了新词"Chexit"——"China exit":
Filipinos took to the streets Tuesday to claim the result as a victory. For days the hashtag #Chexit has made the rounds on social media, meaning China should exit what Filipinos see as their territorial waters.
菲律宾人星期二都到街上去庆祝这个对于他们来说胜利的结果,几天以来Chexit的话题已经在社交媒体上到处传播,意思是中国应该退出菲律宾人认为属于他们的地盘。

天朝对此裁决结果当然不接受了: China Xinhua News:

NULL, VOID, NO BINDING FORCE. China neither accepts nor recognizes award of #SouthChinaSea arbitration
中国新华社对此消息称:空话,无效,中国既不会接受也不会认可南海仲裁的这一判定。

菲律宾虽然仲裁赢了,但对外很低调:

Manila welcomed the decision but also urged "restraint". The current government is not the same regime that filed the case in 2013, and the new president, Rodrigo Duterte, has expressed interest in attracting Chinese investment....it is unclear how far the current Philippine government will go to enforce the ruling.
马尼拉(指菲律宾政府)欢迎这个裁决,但同时强调"克制",当前的政府已经和2013年提交本案的政权不同,而且新任总统罗德里戈·杜特地曾表示有意吸引中国方面的投资。...至于菲律宾政府将会为此次裁决的执行做多大努力,目前还不清楚。

最后来看一下曾经作为邓爷爷口译官的国际事务分析师 Victor Gao 对于南海领权的霸气回应:

"China is telling the United States the days when China could be bullied are forever over, If the United States can send its warships to the South China Sea, China can do the same — sending them to the Caribbean and to the Gulf of Mexico and to the offshore areas in California. If the United States does not believe that, wait until it happens and it'll be too late."
中国正在告诉美国,中国任人欺凌的时代已经永远结束了,如果美国将军舰开到南海,中国也同样可以这样做——将军舰开到加勒比海,墨西哥湾,或者加利福尼亚离岸区域。如果美国不相信这一点,那就等它真的发生吧,到时就为时已晚了。

关键词:

  • South China Sea: 中国南海
  • South China Sea Ruling / Arbitration / Verdict: 南海仲裁
  • ruling, arbitration, verdict 三个词都有”仲裁、判定”的意思
  • Permanent Court of Arbitration / PCA: 常设仲裁法院,本次仲裁的法院

United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea / UNCLOS: 联合国海洋法公约,仲裁指责中国违反了此公约 另一个表示”条约、公约”的词 treaty

  • Shoal: 浅滩

  • Scarborough Shoal: 斯卡伯勒浅滩,也就是黄岩岛,南海诸岛之一

  • tribunal: 法庭

  • court: 常见的法庭

Tribunal 和 court 两者有很多不同,这里只说一点:tribunal 是没有强制执行力的,只是对争执做一个判断和仲裁

  • "nine-dash line": 九段线

  • sovereignty: 主权

  • claim sovereignty: 宣称主权

  • rebuke: 批评、斥责

  • marine: 海上的

  • marine ecosystem: 海洋生态系统

  • artificial: 人造的

  • artificial islands: 人工造岛

  • award: 奖励,对某件事情的认可