Spanish - Past Participle
Regular
-ar
=>-ado
, e.g. hablar - ar + ado = hablado-er
=>-ido
, e.g. comer - er + ido = comido-ir
=>-ido
, e.g. vivir - ir + ido = vivido
Irregular
- abrir (to open) - abierto (open)
- cubrir (to cover) - cubierto (covered)
- decir (to say) - dicho (said)
- escribir (to write) - escrito (written)
- freír (to fry) - frito (fried)
- hacer (to do) - hecho (done)
- morir (to die) - muerto (dead)
- poner (to put) - puesto (put)
- resolver (to resolve) - resuelto (resolved)
- romper (to break) - roto (broken)
- ver (to see) - visto (seen)
- volver (to return) - vuelto (returned)
Verbs to Adjectives
In English: to haunt => the house is haunted.
In Spanish: -ar
verbs => -ado
, -er
/ -ir
verbs => -ido
.
E.g.
- pintar => pintado (painted)
- perder => perdido (lost)
- dormir => dormido (slept)
Passive Voice
subject + tense of ser + past participle + por + the doer.
The endings also change depending on gender and number.
Los hombres están perdidos.
(The men are lost.)
Present Perfect
To say you have done something.
Similar to English:
- English: have + past participle, (I have played football.)
- Spanish: haber + verb ending in
-ado
or-ido
haber | |
---|---|
yo | he |
tú | has |
él / ella / usted | ha |
nosotros / nosotras | hemos |
vosotros / vosotras | habéis |
ellos / ellas / ustedes | han |
E.g.
¿Tú has estudiado para el examen?
(Have you studied for the exam?)
Past Perfect
had + past participle
- había
- habías
- había
- habíamos
- habíais
- habían
Future Perfect
will have + past participle
- habré
- habrás
- habrá
- habremos
- habréis
- habrán